Psalms 41 — Jamieson–Fausset–Brown
41:1–3
1-3. God rewards kindness to the poor (Pr 19:17). From Psa 41:2, 11 it may be inferred that the Psalmist describes his own conduct. poor--in person, position, and possessions.
41:4
4. I said--I asked the mercy I show. heal my soul--(Compare Psa 30:2). "Sin and suffering are united," is one of the great teachings of the Psalms.
41:5–6
5-6. A graphic picture of the conduct of a malignant enemy.
41:7–8
7-8. So of others, all act alike.
41:9
9. mine ... friend--literally, "the man of my peace." eat ... bread--who depended on me or was well treated by me. hath lifted up heel--in scornful violence. As David and his fortunes typified Christ and His (compare Introduction), so these words expressed the treatment he received, and also that of his Son and Lord; hence, though not distinctly prophetical, our Saviour (Joh 13:18) applies them to Judas, "that the Scripture may be fulfilled." This last phrase has a wide use in the New Testament, and is not restricted to denote special prophecies.
41:10
10. A lawful punishment of criminals is not revenge, nor inconsistent with their final good (compare Psa 40:14, 15).
41:11–13
11-13. favourest--or tenderly lovest me (Ge 34:19), evinced by relief from his enemies, and, farther, God recognizes his innocence by upholding him.